Q: What causes hard water?

Water that is hard contains calcium and magnesium compounds. Rain water is naturally soft - it does not contain any minerals, but as it seeps through the ground it can pick up minerals, such as calcium and magnesium compounds, from the soil and rocks it passes through. If rain water passes through soft rocks like chalk or limestone, it picks up these minerals. If it passes through hard rocks, such as granite or through peaty soils, it does not pick up these minerals and so remains soft.

Q: What are the problems with hard water?

Hard water causes pipes to fur up and scale to collect in the machines. If the scale collects on heating elements it shortens their life considerably and makes appliances less time and cost efficient.  Most machine manufacturers  A machine with a scale problem, will also use more detergent and rinse aid to achiev the same wash results.  Unsoftened water can also cause poor results on glasses, ie tide marks and white streaking. Failure to install a water softener where appropriate can invalidate manufacturers warranty.

Q: How can I find out if I have hard water? 

The map below/overleaf shows generally hard and soft water areas. The map is only an indication because even hard water areas can contain pockets of soft water and vice versa. You can get detailed information from your local water company.  

Click here to see the map of the hard and soft water areas in your area >>

Once you have determined if you need a water softener, you can use the table below to see which softener is most applicable for your glass or dishwasher. 
Please note, this is a general guide only.    

Click here to see the water softening table >>